Networking FreeDOS - ODI driver installation
Overview
(Picture of the ODI model)
"Open Datalink Interface" (ODI) drivers were originally needed for
Novell NetWare. But that doesn't mean they can not be used for packet-
driver-based TCP/IP applications. In fact, they were used for this
since they were invented.
An ODI driver is a good choice, if you cannot get a packet driver for
your NIC. Because NetWare was a popular system during the eighties
and nineties of the last century, there is quite a good chance that
the manufacturer of your network card included such an ODI driver.
Where to find them
Look for a directory called "netware", "nwclient", "ODI" or "VLM" on
the installation floppy or CD-ROM of your card. The drivers are
executables, their names look like "3C574.COM" or "DFE670.COM".
How they work
In the language of the ODI specification (see: http://developer.
novell.com/ndk/doc/lancomp/dos_psta/dos_pstack.pdf) these drivers of
the network card are called "Multiple Link Interface Driver" (MLID).
As you see in the figure above, the MLID communicates directly with
the hardware of the network interface card. The MLID receives packets
for different protocol stacks (kernels) in the system and passes these
packets to a second piece of software, the "Link Support Layer" (LSL).
The LSL then determines which protocol stack is to receive the packet.
Both, MLID and LSL form the ODI architecture.
So we need an additional file to get ODI working: The LSL, which is
a file called "LSL.COM". This file is part of the "DOS NetWare Client",
which can be downloaded at Novell (see: http://www.novell.com/
coolsolutions/tools/downloads/dw271e.zip). Novell's download site
(see: http://www.novell.com/coolsolutions/tools/13555.html) explicitly
remarks "LICENSE: FREE" for it. After download and extraction, the file
"LSL.COM" can be found in the folder "NIOS".
The converter/shim
(Picture of Webspyder)
As we want to use ODI with packet driver based TCP/IP applications,
we have to download another piece of software, a "Packet Driver to
ODI Converter". Converters are also called "wrappers" or a "shim".
We have three options:
* ODIPKT.COM v3.1 by Dan Lanciani (see: http://www.danlan.com) at
Harvard University. The software is public domain; its license
allows free redistribution of binary and source and the modifica-
tion of the source (assembler). ODIPKT.COM is part of FreeDOS 1.0.
If you installed the network apps from the FullCD distribution, it
can be located in C:\FDOS\BIN. This is the software most users
will choose.
* PKT2ODI.EXE by Caldera. This file is part of the DR "WebSpyder"
software, a graphical DOS browser, that Caldera released in 1998.
WebSpyder was licensed from xChaos/Arachne. The software can be
downloaded here (see: http://lazybrowndog.net/webspyder).
It's license allows it to be evaluated and freely redistributed
for non-commercial purposes.
* If you are already running full NetWare, you can use IPXPKT.COM
to run a packetdriver over IPX.COM. IPXPKT.COM is free software
by Crynwr and is a part of their packet driver collection PKTD11.ZIP
(see: http://www.crynwr.com/drivers/pktd11.zip). This is a special
case and will not be further investigated in this document.
With the MLID, the LSL and the converter we have most of the files
needed. The only one missing is the configuration file "NET.CFG". An
example file with settings supposed for your card may be found on the
CD or floppy that came with it and should be located in the same
directory as the ODI driver.
Configuration of NET.CFG
Now, let's edit our main configuration file NET.CFG. If it doesn't
exist, create it. You have to choose a directory - default locations
of NET.CFG seem to be C:\NWCLIENT or C:\NET. Anyway, the location
should be in the same directory, where LSL.COM and the driver can be
found. An example NET.CFG (see below) which came with the 3Com 3C574
PC Card shows a lot of configuration settings, that are needed for
Novell NetWare and other software. For using packet driver based
TCP/IP applications the following four lines in NET.CFG are enough:
--- NET.CFG ---
Link Support
buffers 8 1600
Link Driver 3C574
Frame Ethernet_II
Explanation of the parameters:
link support
The line "Link Support" configures the LSL. Options are: "buffers",
"max boards", "max stacks" and "mempool". We only need to set:
buffers 8 1600
This determines the number and size of the receive buffers of the LSL.
The default communication number for TCP/IP is 8. The author of ODIPKT,
Dan Lanciani recommends to use a buffer size of 1600 bytes for ODIPKT.
(see: http://groups.google.de/group/comp.protocols.tcp-ip/msg/
b8ba79ab39cacc4f/)
Link Driver 3C574
The line "Link Driver" configures the MLID (the driver of your network
card). First of all, the name of the driver is specified. Above you see
the example of a 3Com 3C574 PC Card. Change this to the name of your
network card.
Then we configure the "frame" or "envelope type" (both declarations work
and mean the same thing) used by this driver:
Frame Ethernet_II
It is possible to define more than one frame type here: We already heard
that ODI is a multiprotocol driver, so the MLID is able to use more than
one frame and protocol with the same hardware network board. For this
purpose it defines logical boards for each defined frame. Possible
frames are for instance "ETHERNET_II" (IP protocol), "ETHERNET_802.2"
or "ETHERNET_802.3" (both IPX/SPX protocol).
For the packet driver converter, that we want to start later, it is
mandatory to define at least the Ethernet II frame here. You also have
to inform ODIPKT in a command line parameter to use the board with the
ETHERNET_II frame (see below).
For a full documentation of the parameters in NET.CFG see the "NetWare
Client for DOS and MS Windows Technical Reference"
(see: http://www.docs.hp.com/en/J2771-90016/index.html).
Installation
After we have configured NET.CFG we may start the ODI drivers in
AUTOEXEC.BAT at boot.
The first thing we have to start is the Link Support Layer:
LH C:\NETWORK\NWCLIENT\LSL.COM /C C:\NETWORK\NET\NET.CFG
Please change the paths to the ones you use on your system. The "/C"
option tells the LSL where to find NET.CFG. This option is only
necessary, if NET.CFG is not in the same directory as LSL.COM.
Now we start the MLID:
LH C:\NETWORK\PCMCIA\3C574\ODI\3C574.COM
As a last step we have to install the Packet Driver to ODI Converter.
Here we can choose between ODIPKT or the more exotic PKT2ODI.
Most people will use the free converter ODIPKT.COM by Dan Lanciani,
which can be downloaded here: http://danlan.com/pdr_shim/odipkt/
odipkt.zip. Extract the zip file and load ODIPKT.COM with a command
like this in AUTOEXEC.BAT:
LH C:\NETWORK\NWCLIENT\ODIPKT.COM 0 96
The first number of the parameters above ("0") determines the board
that uses the ETHERNET_II frame. The following example assumes you
defined different frames (also known as "envelope types") in NET.CFG:
--- NET.CFG ---
Link Driver 3C574
FRAME ETHERNET_II
FRAME ETHERNET_802.2
FRAME ETHERNET_802.3
FRAME ETHERNET_SNAP
Then you have to tell ODIPKT the index number of the logical board
that supports the Ethernet II frame. Just count the frames in NET.CFG:
Ethernet II is the first one, the frame 802.2 is the second, the frame
802.3 is the third, snap is fourth.
To make things a bit tricky, ODIPKT starts counting with "0" (like
programmers do). That means, according to the example above:
ODIPKT.COM 0 | board with ETHERNET_II
ODIPKT.COM 1 | ETHERNET_802.2 (won't work)
ODIPKT.COM 2 | ETHERNET_802.3 (won't work)
ODIPKT.COM 3 | ETHERNET_SNAP (won't work)
The only option that works for ODIPKT is the number that defines the
logical board with the frame Ethernet II, which is "0" in our example.
Now we look at the second parameter ("96") that we use to start ODIPKT.
This parameter defines the software interrupt (vector) used by the
driver. As we already heard when configuring a packet driver, the most
frequently used packet driver software interrupt number is 0x60, which
is the hexadecimal value 60 (the "0x" just tells us it is hex format).
Unfortunately ODIPKT doesn't understand hex values, so you have to
translate this parameter to a decimal number - which is 96.
If you want to use other values and you are not used to hex, you may
try a hex-dec calculator (see: http://www.langeneggers.ch/Nuetzliches/
Hex_Dez.htm) or see the following list:
0x60 = 96
0x61 = 97
0x62 = 98
...
0x69 = 105
0x6A = 106
...
0x7D = 125
0x7E = 126
Example NET.CFG
; version 2.0
; max tasks = 60
; show dots = on
link support
buffers 8 1514
; mempool 4096
; THIS SECTION IS FOR CONFIGURATION OF LINKWATCH MANAGEABLE END NODES
;
Protocol DME
BIND #1
; replace with your specific information for LinkWatch
USER_NAME "Your Name"
NODE_NAME "Your Node Name"
NODE_LOCATION "Your Node Location"
; set password according to your network administrator's instructions
; NODE_PASSWORD "ABCDEFGH"
PHONE_NUMBER "Your Phone Number"
NOTES "Miscellaneous text"
NOTES "and more text"
LINK DRIVER 3C574
INT 10
; PORT 300
NO_AMP
FRAME ETHERNET_802.2
FRAME ETHERNET_802.3
; PROTOCOL IPX 0 ETHERNET_802.3
FRAME ETHERNET_II
FRAME ETHERNET_SNAP
Netware DOS Requester
FIRST NETWORK DRIVE = F
NETWARE PROTOCOL = NDS BIND
Reboot
After a reboot the packet driver is installed and ready. You may use
an application to test if it works, for instance the command "ping"
from the WATTCP package.
Good luck!
(Picture: boot messages)
Copyright © 2007 Ulrich Hansen, Mainz (Germany), modified 2010
by W.Spiegl.
For more information see here.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.1 or
any later version published by the Free Software Foundation.
A copy of the license is included in the section entitled
"GNU Free Documentation License"